Geography

Standards
The World in Spatial Terms
1.	Understands the characteristics and uses of maps, globes, and other geographic tools and technologies
2.	Knows the location of places, geographic features, and patterns of the environment
3.	Understands the characteristics and uses of spatial organization of Earth's surface
Places and Regions
4.	Understands the physical and human characteristics of place
5.	Understands the concept of regions
6.	Understands that culture and experience influence people's perceptions of places and regions
Physical Systems
7.	Knows the physical processes that shape patterns on Earth's surface
8.	Understands the characteristics of ecosystems on Earth's surface
Human Systems
9.	Understands the nature, distribution and migration of human populations on Earth's surface
10.	Understands the nature and complexity of Earth's cultural mosaics
11.	Understands the patterns and networks of economic interdependence on Earth's surface
12.	Understands the patterns of human settlement and their causes
13.	Understands the forces of cooperation and conflict that shape the divisions of Earth's surface
Environment and Society
14.	Understands how human actions modify the physical environment
15.	Understands how physical systems affect human systems
16.	Understands the changes that occur in the meaning, use, distribution and importance of resources
Uses of Geography
17.	Understands how geography is used to interpret the past
18.	Understands global development and environmental issues

Topics
	1.	Bias, meaning, and perspective
	2.	Biodiversity
	3.	Characteristics of places
	4.	Cities and their related regions
	5.	Climate types and regions
	6.	Colonies and colonial systems
	7.	Convergence and divergence of cultures
	8.	Cooperation and conflict
	9.	Cultural continuity and change
	10.	Cultural diffusion, adaptation, and interaction
	11.	Cultural regions
	12.	Development, ideology, and structure of political systems
	13.	Earth-Sun relations
	14.	Economic conditions and society
	15.	Economic development and growth
	16.	Ecosystems and biomes
	17.	Environmental issues
	18.	Geographic databases and technology
	19.	Geologic, atmospheric, and hydrospheric processes
	20.	Global economic interdependence and human society
	21.	Global power and influence
	22.	Group and national identity
	23.	Human response and adaptation to the environment
	24.	Impact of society on the environment
	25.	Impact of the environment on society
	26.	Influence of geographic features on historic events
	27.	Interdependence of places and regions
	28.	International diplomacy and relations
	29.	Location of natural and human features and places
	30.	Maps, globes, and atlases
	31.	Mental maps, spatial relationships, and directional awareness
	32.	Migration and settlement patterns
	33.	Natural disasters and humanity
	34.	Natural resources
	35.	Perceptions of places and regions
	36.	Places and regions over time
	37.	Population density, distribution, and growth rates
	38.	Rise of nation-states
	39.	Science, technology, and society
	40.	Settlement and migration patterns
	41.	Spatial organization, dynamics, and interaction
	42.	Structure of cities and their related regions
	43.	Trade and trade routes
	44.	Transportation and communication networks
	45.	Transportation systems
	46.	Types of regions
	47.	Types of territorial units
	48.	Urban growth and development

Geography

Standards

Topics